Water treatment refers to any procedure that enhances the purity of water and makes it suitable for a specific purpose. Drinking water, commercial water supply, agriculture, rainfall management, water enjoyment, and a variety of other uses are possible, as well as being returned safely to the area. Drinking water eliminates or decreases the concentration of pollutants and harmful elements to make the water suitable for its intended usage. This treatment is important for human health since it helps people to benefit from the drinking water supply.
Water treatment for drinking water production entails removing pollutants and inactivating any potentially harmful bacteria from freshwater to produce water that is clean enough for human use without the risk of short- or long-term health effects.
WATER SCARCITY
The shortage of fresh water supplies to satisfy the normal water demand is known as water scarcity. Owing to uneven distribution culminating in some very wet and some very dry geographical regions, as well as a dramatic increase in global water demand fuelled by industry in recent times, humanity is facing a water crisis. Droughts, a lack of rainfall, or pollution may all contribute to water scarcity. The Economic Forum classified this as one of the most significant global threats in terms of direct impact over the next decade. It expresses itself as minimal or non-satisfaction of a range of advanced, market competition for water quality and quantity, consumer conflicts, irreversible groundwater depletion, and negative environmental consequences. Prevention of water scarcity is below.
- Save Water Whenever Possible. …
- Education. …
- Recycle Water. …
- Advance Technology Related to Water Conservation. …
- Improve Practices Related to Farming. …
- Less Use of Chemicals in Farming. …
- Improve Sewage Systems. …
- Better Water Distribution Infrastructure.
WATER TREATMENT PROCESS
.Coagulation and Flocculation
The first steps of water treatment are mostly coagulation and flocculation. Positively charged chemicals are applied to the water. The soil’s negative charge and other dissolved particles are neutralized by the positive charge of these chemicals. As this happens, the particles combine with the chemicals and form floc, which is larger particles.
.Sedimentation
Due to its weight, floc sinks to the water then flows during sedimentation. Sedimentation is the term for this settling process.
.Filtration
The clean water on top of the floc will travel through filters of different composition and extent and ways to eliminate dissolved contaminants such as pollen, bacteria, fungi, pathogens, and chemical substances until it hits the bottom of the water supply.
.disinfection
After the water has got filtered, a disinfectant (such as chlorine or chloramine) can be applied to destroy any remaining parasites, bacteria, or viruses, as well as to protect the water from germs when piped to households and workplaces.
Depending on the nature of the water that reaches the treatment plant, water can be handled differently in various cultures. Since lakes, rivers, and streams contain more sediment and contaminants and are more likely to be polluted than underwater, surface water typically needs more treatment and filtration than groundwater.
The treatment eliminates or decreases the concentration of pollutants and harmful elements to make the water suitable for its intended usage. This treatment is important for human health since it helps people to benefit from both irrigation and drinking.
A water safety plan is a strategy for ensuring the quality of drinking water by using a holistic risk assessment and risk management methodology that covers all stages of the water supply chain, from catchment to use.
